I have found a few blogs detailing the installation method, but they all seem to be from previous version of Instant Client. Out of desperation, I downloaded a previous version of Instant Client, but still seemed to be missing files referred to in the tutorial.
The packages are arranged such that if you unzip all the ones you need from the same place they all put their files in the same directory. Unfortunately that doesn't quite work if you use Safari and have it set to open certain downloaded files; each zip file is expanded into a separate folder, with incremented names. And it deletes the zip files afterwards.
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El Capitan added system integrity protection (SIP), and one side effect of that is that exporting DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH doesn't work. That could affect running SQL*Plus from a shell script, for example. There are workarounds for the 11g instant client. The installation notes at the bottom of the download page have changed since I last did this, and it now says to hard link the library files to the user's /lib directory to avoid that issue. Fortunately it looks like you don't need to worry about that with the 12c client - they've fixed the way it's built.
Add Oracle 21, 19, 18, 12 or 11.2 client libraries to your operating systemlibrary search path such as PATH on Windows or LD_LIBRARY_PATH onLinux. On macOS use init_oracle_client() in yourapplication to pass the Oracle Client directory name, seeUsing cx_Oracle.init_oracle_client() to set the Oracle Client directory. This is also usable on Windows.
Version 21 client libraries can connect to Oracle Database 12.1 or greater.Version 19, 18 and 12.2 client libraries can connect to Oracle Database 11.2or greater. Version 12.1 client libraries can connect to Oracle Database 10.2or greater. Version 11.2 client libraries can connect to Oracle Database 9.2or greater.
cx_Oracle uses the shared library loading mechanism available on eachsupported platform to load the Oracle Client libraries at runtime. Itdoes not need to be rebuilt for different versions of the libraries.Since a single cx_Oracle binary can use different client versions andalso access multiple database versions, it is important yourapplication is tested in your intended release environments. NewerOracle clients support new features, such as the oraaccess.xml external configurationfile available with 12.1 or later clients, session pool improvements,improved high availability features, call timeouts, and other enhancements.
The cx_Oracle function clientversion() can be used todetermine which Oracle Client version is in use. The attributeConnection.version can be used to determine which Oracle Databaseversion a connection is accessing. These can then be used to adjust applicationbehavior accordingly. Attempts to use Oracle features that are not supported bya particular client/server library combination will result in runtime errors.
This will download and install a pre-compiled binary if one isavailable for yourarchitecture. If a pre-compiled binary is not available, the sourcewill be downloaded, compiled, and the resulting binary installed.Compiling cx_Oracle requires the Python.h header file. If you areusing the default python package, this file is in the python-develpackage or equivalent.
Alternatively, put the files in the network/admin subdirectory of InstantClient, for example in /opt/oracle/instantclient_21_1/network/admin.This is the default Oracle configuration directory for executables linkedwith this Instant Client.
Alternatively, put the files in the network/admin subdirectory of InstantClient, for example in /usr/lib/oracle/21/client64/lib/network/admin.This is the default Oracle configuration directory for executables linkedwith this Instant Client.
This will download and install a pre-compiled binary if one isavailable for yourarchitecture. If a pre-compiled binary is not available, the sourcewill be downloaded, compiled, and the resulting binary installed.
Alternatively, put the files in a network\admin subdirectory ofInstant Client, for example inC:\oracle\instantclient_19_11\network\admin. This is the defaultOracle configuration directory for executables linked with thisInstant Client.
Alternatively, put the files in the network/admin subdirectory of OracleInstant Client, for example in/Users/your_username/Downloads/instantclient_19_8/network/admin. This is thedefault Oracle configuration directory for executables linked with thisInstant Client.
For other installation options such as installing through a proxy, seeinstructions above. Make sure the Oracle Client libraries are in the systemlibrary search path because cx_Oracle 7 does not support thecx_Oracle.init_oracle_client() method and does not support loading theOracle Client libraries from the directory containing the cx_Oracle modulebinary.
On Windows, if you are not usinginit_oracle_client(), then restart your command promptand use set PATH to check the environment variable has the correctOracle Client listed before any other Oracle directories.
On macOS, make sure you are not using the bundled Python (use Homebrew or Python.org instead). If you are not usinginit_oracle_client(), then put the Oracle InstantClient libraries in /lib or /usr/local/lib.
Create a directory on your computer, for example, instantclient. Choose a directory to install the Oracle Instant Client and unzip the downloaded zip file in that directory. The unzipped file creates the instantclient_12_1 directory.
So we are going to install the instant client as well as the sqlplus utility on macOS Catalina. There are two packages we need to download. Please navigate to the official download page below for more information.
Now extract the file instantclient-basic-macos.x64-19.3.0.0.0dbru.zip. It will produce a new folder called instantclient_19_3. Now move the instantclient_19-3 folder to /Applications/ora/client.
Prerequisite, Java must be available:Java is open source and can be downloaded from SQuirreL will always run with the current LTS (Long Term Support) release of Java.The minimum Java version required usually is the previous LTS release.Installation of the SQuirreL SQL Client on Windows and Linux/Unix:The SQuirreL SQL Client can be installed by the IzPack installer. Download the file squirrel-sql--standard.jarand execute it using the following command:java -jar squirrel-sql--standard.jar when you properly installed Java.or\bin\java -jar squirrel-sql--standard.jar when you just unpacked the zip or tar.gz version of Java.Note: On Linux/Unix replace backslashes (\) by slashes (/).Make sure that you have write privileges to the directorythat you want to install into.Note that some browsers may attempt to open thisfile rather than download it. In this case, right-click onthe download link and click your browser's equivalent of the"Save as..." menu item.Installation of the SQuirreL SQL Client on MacOS:On MacOS the preferable way to install the SQuirrel SQL Client is the MacOS X installer squirrel-sql--MACOSX-install.jar.Starting the SQuirreL SQL Client:On Windows, execute the file squirrel-sql.bat to run theapplication. On Linux/Unix and MacOS, the file is squirrel-sql.sh.Trouble shooting:When SQuirreL SQL doesn't start:On Windows try to add the line  set JAVA_HOME=to the top of squirrel-sql.batOn Linux/Unix or MacOS try to add the line  export JAVA_HOME=after the line  #! /bin/shof squirrel-sql.shScaling problems on high resolution screens:Set the JVM (Java Virtual Machine) parameter-Dsun.java2d.uiScale=Example: -Dsun.java2d.uiScale=2.5This can be done by editing squirrel-sql.bat on Windows and squirrel-sql.sh on Linux/Unix or MacOSor by setting the SQUIRREL_SQL_OPTS variable before executing the start script.
One of the most popular database tools for Oracle is Instant Client for macOS. This native client performs faster than the GUI environment, connects with cloud databases, and includes extra tools like SQL Plus for convenient data access.
This Oracle Mac client supports numerous cloud services and databases like AWS, Heroku, Microsoft Azure, SnowflakeDB, and more. Working with cloud services, SQLPro keeps the same speed and performance, just like with local SQL services.
SQLPro supports the formatting of multiple cells. This convenient feature makes it easier to work with several cells at once. This Mac client also supports the instant display of results for each database you're working with.
To use ODPI-C in your own project, download its source from GitHub. A sample Makefile is provided ifyou wish to build ODPI-C as a shared library. Otherwise, add theODPI-C source code to your project. On Windows, Visual Studio 2008 orhigher is required. On macOS, Xcode 6 or higher is required. On Linux,GCC 4.4 or higher is required.
When using the library directory from a full client or databaseinstallation, then you additionally need to set the applicationenvironment to use this software, for example by setting theORACLE_HOME environment variable. This should be done prior to ODPI-Cinitialization.
Since a single ODPI-C binary can use multiple client versions andaccess multiple database versions, it is important your application istested in your intended release environments. NewerOracle clients support new features, such as the oraaccess.xml external configurationfile available with 12.1 or later clients, session pool improvements,call timeouts with 18 or later clients, and other enhancements.
The function dpiContext_getClientVersion() can be used to determinewhich Oracle Client version is in use and the functiondpiConn_getServerVersion() can be used to determine which OracleDatabase version a connection is accessing. These can then be used to adjustapplication behavior accordingly. Attempts to use some Oracle features that arenot supported by a particular client/server combination may result in runtimeerrors. These include: 2ff7e9595c
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